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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinicaloncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клинический случай в онкологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Case in Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-1477</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-4018</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ОНКОПРАКТИК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.62546/3034-1477-2026-4-1-57-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinicaloncology-158</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинический случай терапии пациента с метастатическим колоректальным раком с наличием POLE-мутации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical case of treatment of a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer with a POLE -mutation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5377-5843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суняйкин</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sunyaykin</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суняйкин Алексей Борисович</p><p>Южно-Сахалинск</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-5283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апанасевич</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apanasevich</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Апанасевич Владимир Иосифович</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-1817</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старцев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Startsev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старцев Сергей Станиславович</p><p>Южно-Сахалинск</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8857-3275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усольцева</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usoltseva</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усольцева Инесса Станиславовна</p><p>Южно-Сахалинск</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5470-0219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парсаданова</surname><given-names>Э. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parsadanova</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парсаданова Эльвира Левоновна</p><p>Южно-Сахалинск</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1040-9435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьев Виктор Валерьевич</p><p>Южно-Сахалинск</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Сахалинский областной клинический онкологический диспансер»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sakhalin Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary; Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pacific State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pacific State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суняйкин А.Б., Апанасевич В.И., Старцев С.С., Усольцева И.С., Парсаданова Э.Л., Кондратьев В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суняйкин А.Б., Апанасевич В.И., Старцев С.С., Усольцева И.С., Парсаданова Э.Л., Кондратьев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sunyaykin A.B., Apanasevich V.I., Startsev S.S., Usoltseva I.S., Parsadanova E.L., Kondratyev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.oncocase.ru/jour/article/view/158">https://www.oncocase.ru/jour/article/view/158</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Метастатический колоректальный рак остается одной из актуальных проблем современной онкологии, что обусловлено высокой заболеваемостью, частым выявлением заболевания на распространенных стадиях и ограниченной эффективностью стандартных линий лекарственной терапии. В последние годы особое значение приобретает молекулярно-генетическое профилирование опухоли, позволяющее индивидуализировать выбор противоопухолевого лечения. В качестве одного из потенциальных биомаркеров чувствительности к иммунотерапии рассматриваются мутации гена POLE . Однако клиническая значимость отдельных вариантов POLE -мутаций остается неоднозначной.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать клинический случай лечения пациентки с метастатическим колоректальным раком и выявленной мутацией POLE c.871G&gt;A (p.Asp291Asn) с оценкой эффективности иммунотерапии ингибитором PD-1.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Представлено клиническое наблюдение пациентки 1954 года рождения с раком сигмовидной кишки IV стадии с метастатическим поражением печени, забрюшинных лимфатических узлов, легких и медиастинальных лимфатических узлов. Проведен анализ данных анамнеза, морфологического и молекулярно-генетического исследования, последовательности системного противоопухолевого лечения, переносимости терапии и клинического исхода.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Пациентке последовательно проводилась лекарственная противоопухолевая терапия первой линии по схеме XELOX, терапия второй линии цетуксимабом в сочетании с FOLFIRI с последующим переходом на поддерживающий режим цетуксимаб + deGramont. По данным молекулярно-генетического исследования мутации KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, признаки MSI и амплификация HER2 не выявлены; дополнительно обнаружена мутация POLE c.871G&gt;A (p.Asp291Asn). В связи с прогрессированием заболевания в третьей линии была назначена иммунотерапия ниволумабом. На фоне лечения отмечалась стабилизация опухолевого процесса по критериям RECIST 1.1, однако сохранялась тенденция к росту метастатических очагов. Терапия была осложнена развитием нежелательных явлений, включая дерматологическую токсичность, анемию, диспепсические проявления и прогрессирование хронической болезни почек до 4-й стадии, что потребовало отмены препарата.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Представленное клиническое наблюдение демонстрирует, что наличие мутации POLE c.871G&gt;A (p.Asp291Asn) само по себе не может рассматриваться как достаточное основание для прогнозирования эффективности иммунотерапии при метастатическом колоректальном раке. Вероятно, данный вариант не относится к функционально значимым мутациям POLE , ассоциированным с ультравысокой мутационной нагрузкой и выраженным ответом на ингибиторы иммунных контрольных точек. Полученные данные подчеркивают необходимость комплексной интерпретации POLE -мутаций с учетом их функциональной значимости, MSI-статуса, уровня TMB и клинического контекста перед назначением иммунотерапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Metastatic colorectal cancer remains one of the major challenges in modern oncology due to its high incidence, frequent diagnosis at advanced stages, and the limited efficacy of standard lines of systemic therapy. In recent years, molecular genetic profiling of tumors has become increasingly important, enabling individualized selection of anticancer treatment. Mutations in the POLE gene are considered one of the potential biomarkers of sensitivity to immunotherapy. However, the clinical significance of individual POLE mutation variants remains ambiguous. Aim. To analyze a clinical case of treatment of a female patient with metastatic colorectal cancer and an identified POLE c.871G&gt;A (p.Asp291Asn) mutation, with an assessment of the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy. Materials and methods. This article presents a clinical observation of a female patient born in 1954 with stage IV sigmoid colon cancer and metastatic involvement of the liver, retroperitoneal lymph nodes, lungs, and mediastinal lymph nodes. The patient’s medical history, morphological and molecular genetic findings, sequence of systemic anticancer therapy, treatment tolerability, and clinical outcome were analyzed.Results. The patient sequentially received first-line systemic anticancer therapy with the XELOX regimen, followed by second-line therapy with cetuximab in combination with FOLFIRI and subsequent maintenance therapy with cetuximab plus de Gramont. Molecular genetic testing revealed no KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF mutations, no evidence of MSI, and no HER2 amplification; additionally, a POLE c.871G&gt;A (p.Asp291Asn) mutation was detected. Due to disease progression, third-line immunotherapy with nivolumab was initiated. During treatment, disease stabilization was observed according to RECIST 1.1 criteria; however, a tendency toward growth of metastatic lesions persisted. Therapy was complicated by adverse events, including dermatologic toxicity, anemia, dyspeptic symptoms, and progression of chronic kidney disease to stage 4, which required discontinuation of the drug.Conclusion. The presented clinical case demonstrates that the presence of the POLE c.871G&gt;A (p.Asp291Asn) mutation alone cannot be considered sufficient grounds for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. This variant is likely not among the functionally significant POLE mutations associated with ultrahigh tumor mutational burden and a pronounced response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive interpretation of POLE mutations, taking into account their functional significance, MSI status, TMB level, and clinical context before immunotherapy is prescribed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метастатический колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>рак сигмовидной кишки</kwd><kwd>POLE</kwd><kwd>p.Asp291Asn</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>ниволумаб</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы PD-1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metastatic colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>sigmoid colon cancer</kwd><kwd>POLE</kwd><kwd>p.Asp291Asn</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>nivolumab</kwd><kwd>PD-1 inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma X., Dong L., Liu X., Ou K., Yang L. POLE/POLD1 mutation and tumor immunotherapy. Journal of Experimental &amp; Clinical Cancer Research . 2022; 41. 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