Проблемные аспекты оценки предиктивных маркеров при раке желудка по эндоскопическим биоптатам. Обзор литературы

Важным аспектом лечения пациентов с раком желудка (РЖ) является точное определение статуса рецептора эпидермального фактора роста человека 2 (HER2). HER2-позитивный рак желудка и  гастроэзофагеального соединения представляет собой агрессивный молекулярный подтип опухоли, выявляется в 5–20% случаев аденокарциномы данной локализации.

Некоторые проблемы могут возникнуть при неправильном или неточном способе забора биоптатов из опухоли и  фиксации биоптата в  формалине, что может быть обозначено как один из  ключевых факторов, которые влияют на достоверность оценки HER2.

В данной статье рассмотрены следующие аспекты:

1) забор биопсийного материала в ходе эндоскопического исследования с учетом локализации;

2) алгоритм, по которому происходит маршрутизация материала в учреждении;

3) ключевые моменты при анализе сроков фиксации материалов;

4) понимание и оценка значения экспрессии HER2 в биоптатах с РЖ.

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